Building Information Modelling is a new methodology that is based upon a digital model, which includes graphics and information that allow the automatic production of plans, reports, design analysis and programming.
The user creates the digital parametric model both in 2D and 3D. The development of the model automatically updates all the 2D and 3D views. During this process, a base of information is created that allows the comprehension of the actual function of the systems for the building across its lifespan.
BIM & Revit
The software Autodesk Revit is an application of BIM. The software uses information that is divided into graphical and non-graphical. The graphical data includes 2D and 3D plans, rendered images, construction details, lighting and climate analysis. The graphical information is produced from the non-graphical information, which the digital model incorporates and this is the basis of BIM.
The elements in Revit include several parameters. These could be the height of the door, the date of installation or how the element functions. Every small or large detail that is inserted, change or program is considered to be a parameter. The parameters in Revit can be scheduled and provide information about materials, dimensions, cost or installation.
It is generally accepted that BIM translates to 3D design. Nevertheless, the inclusion of the word ‘information’ indicates a key difference with BIM. Indeed, the combination of 3D modelling with information uniquely results in BIM.
CAD vs BIM
We are familiar with the objects of CAD technology (polylines, circles and polygons) that are now being replaced with the ‘intelligent’ objects of BIM technology such as walls, roofs and slabs. These objects are so-called because they contain information about their position, dimensions and materials as well as their relationship with other items. These objects constitute the 3D model and at the same time provide the information to analyse and evaluate the building at each stage of the design process and after its completion.
In CAD, the process is two-dimensional and the 3D is derived from the 2D. In BIM modelling, the design is 2D and 3D simultaneously. In addition, the BIM model includes information that allows the programming and analysis of new parameters, such as 4D (time), 5D (cost), 6D (energy) and 7D (maintenance).
Author: Panagiotidou Nicoleta
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